| Cell type (class) | Nomenclature (Acronym) |
Definition | Relation of globular cell |
| Annotation | Reference |
Collator |
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| candelabrum cell | Laine and Axelrad (LA) | The perikaryon [...] is always located inside the PC [Purkinje cell] layer. It is squeezed, either between the bulging parts of the PC somata or in the space left free between their upper poles, just at the level of the lower border of the molecular layer. The soma has usually a vertically elongated pear with smaller dimensions than the nearby PC somata. The cell body surface bears pedunculate or sessile spines. The dendritic pattern is characterised by the constant association of one or two long vertical molecular dendrites ans of a few short oblique granular ones. The dendritic tree spans roughly 150 micrometers in the parasagittal plane, whereas schematic 3D reconstruction shows that its mediolateral extent is restricted to less than 50 micrometers. This flattened aspect of the molecular dendritic tree is a feature it shares with most of the other dendritic trees spreading this layer. The initial segment of the axon originates directly from the perikaryon (Figs. 1B, 2B, arrowhead). It has a characteristic conical shape, rather thick in respect to the cell body. The axon then extends horizontally, usually coursing the upper PC layer for a certain distance winding around the different elements of the neuropil. We have seen two distinct patterns for the spatial spread of this axonla domain. In certain cases the area delimited by the axonal branches will totally overlap the area spanned by the cell's dendritic tree (Fig 1A), without, however, intermingling with the plane of distribution of these molecular dendrites. In some other cases, the axon spreads lateral to the dendritic arborisation, at a more or less great distance (Fisgs. 3A-5A). Some intermediate cases can be seen (Fig. 2A). | different | | They [globular cells] can easily be differentiated from candelabrum cells (Laine and Axelrad, 1994), whose soma generally lies inside the PC layer and who exhibit an asymmetrical dendritic pattern (short basal granular layer dendrites and long apical molecular layer ones) and a number of parallel axonal branches ascending vertically in the molecular layer not far from the parent cell. | Laine J. & Axelrad H. | Mihail Bota |
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| unipolar brush neuron | Mugnaini (Mugnaini) | These neurons have rounded or ovoidal cell bodies (9-12 micrometers in diameter) that are intermediate in size between granule and Golgi cells. Within a given folium, the UBCs occur at all levels of the granular layer (Fig 1.c), sometimes immediately beneath the Purkinje cell layer and also in the folial withe matter (Fig. 1c, f). These neurons emit a thin axon, 0.3 - 0.5 micrometers in diameter, and commonly give rise to a single, short and stubby dendrite, 2-3 micrometers in diameter, which usually divides only at the tip, where it forms a tightly packed group of branchlets covered by thin, spin-like appendages, resembling a paintbrush (Fig. 1b). The field occupied by the brush tip is rounded, ovoid, boxy, or, more often, cap-shaped and measures 10-30 micrometers in average diameter, forming a neuropil island, which may encompass no more than one or two glomerular synaptic fields. The axon of the UBC usually arises from the cell body (Fig. 1b), but it may also emanate from the dendritic trunk (Fig. 1g) or one of the tip's branchlets. Although we often saw UBCs with ascending axons, these processes usually curved back upon entering Purkinje cell layer and ceased to be impregnated. The UBCs were present at high densities in the nodulus (lobulus X; Fig. 1c), ventral uvula (lobulus IXc); at moderate densities in the ventral parflocculus and lingula (lobulus I); and less frequently in other vermal folia and were virtually absent from cerebellar hemispheres. The sites where UBCs occur at high densities largely overlap the cortical terminal regions of the vestibular afferents. | different | | No morphological similarity can be found between the globular cells and the monodendritic unipolar brush cells, whose axons course tortuously in the granular layer with speci¢c rosette-like enlargements (Mugnaini and Floris, 1994; Berthie¤ and Axelrad, 1994). | Laine J. & Axelrad H. | Mihail Bota |
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| multipolar Lugaro cell | Geurts et al. (G) | Detailed morphological analysis has recently revealed that these cells project their axon into the molecular layer, where it displays an arborization pattern reminiscent of that of Lugaro cells. Furthermore, their cell body and dendrites are contacted by Purkinje cell collaterals, a feature characteristic of Lugaro cells. Consequently, these cells represent a class of neuronal cells in the granular layer that does not fit the current classification. To designate these cells, and to differentiate them from Golgi cells and classical bipolar Lugaro cells, we propose the term 'multipolar Lugaro cell'. | synonym | | Detailed morphological analysis has recently revealed that these cells project their axon into the molecular layer, where it displays an arborization pattern reminiscent of that of Lugaro cells. Furthermore, their cell body and dendrites are contacted by Purkinje cell collaterals, a feature characteristic of Lugaro cells. Consequently, these cells represent a class of neuronal cells in the granular layer that does not fit the current classification. To designate these cells, and to differentiate them from Golgi cells and classical bipolar Lugaro cells, we propose the term 'multipolar Lugaro cell'. | Geurts F.J., de Schutter E. & Dieudonne S. | Mihail Bota |
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| Lugaro neuron | Laine and Axelrad (LA) | [...] Lugaro cells, which are found in all parts of the cerebellum [...] must therefore be considered as a distinct cell class: (1) they are nearly always located at the upper border of the granular layer, just beneath the monolayer of Purkinje cell somata, only very few neurons being scattered in the depth of the granular layer; (2) they have a bipolar fusiform shape, the soma being elongated in a parasagittal direction from which the long dendrites radiate in a diverging manner, extending in a flattened horizontal X underneath the ganglionic layer; and (3) their axon projects into the molecular layer with a constant profuse local plexus and some apparently inconstant distal fibers, while a few sparse projections to the granular layer are also systematically found. | is included | | We propose that these globular cells be considered as a subpopulation of an extended Lugaro cell class, with whom they share a unique pattern of axonal projection, a molecular specification by calretinin and an important afferentation by recurrent collaterals of PC axons. | Laine J. & Axelrad H. | Mihail Bota |
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